Table 4 Total Braden score and Braden scale items of study participants.
Participant characteristics | Overall n = 640 | Non-PU n = 403 | PU n = 237 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Braden scale, mean (SD) | 1.7 (1.7) | 0.9 (1.2) | 3.2 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
Braden scale | < 0.001 | |||
No risk | 221 (34.5%) | 207 (51.4%) | 14 (5.9%) | |
Mild | 143 (22.3%) | 112 (27.8%) | 31 (13.1%) | |
Moderate | 40 (6.2%) | 37 (9.2%) | 3 (1.3%) | |
High | 54 (8.4%) | 12 (3%) | 42 (17.7%) | |
Very high | 182 (28.4%) | 35 (8.7%) | 147 (62%) | |
Sensory perception, mean (SD) | 1.8 (1.1) | 2.3 (0.8) | 0.9 (1) | < 0.001 |
Sensory perception | < 0.001 | |||
No impairment | 208 (32.5%) | 193 (47.9%) | 15 (6.3%) | |
Slightly limited | 224 (35%) | 165 (40.9%) | 59 (24.9%) | |
Very limited | 89 (13.9%) | 27 (6.7%) | 62 (26.2%) | |
Completely limited | 119 (18.6%) | 18 (4.5%) | 101 (42.6%) | |
Nutrition, mean (SD) | 1.4 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.2) | 0.8 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
Nutrition | < 0.001 | |||
Excellent | 167 (26.1%) | 154 (38.2%) | 13 (5.5%) | |
Adequate | 94 (14.7%) | 81 (20.1%) | 13 (5.5%) | |
Probably inadequate | 207 (32.3%) | 88 (21.8%) | 119 (50.2%) | |
Very poor | 172 (26.9%) | 80 (19.9%) | 92 (38.8%) | |
Activity, mean (SD) | 1.5 (1.2) | 2 (1.1) | 0.6 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
Activity | < 0.001 | |||
Walks frequently | 188 (29.4%) | 178 (44.2%) | 10 (4.2%) | |
Walks occasionally | 95 (14.8%) | 78 (19.4%) | 17 (7.2%) | |
Chair fast | 188 (29.4%) | 106 (26.3%) | 82 (34.6%) | |
Bedfast | 169 (26.4%) | 41 (10.2%) | 128 (54%) | |
Mobility, mean (SD) | 1.4 (1.2) | 2 (1) | 0.5 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
Mobility | < 0.001 | |||
No limitations | 188 (29.4%) | 178 (44.2%) | 10 (4.2%) | |
Slightly limited | 98 (15.3%) | 88 (21.8%) | 10 (4.2%) | |
Very limited | 161 (25.2%) | 99 (24.6%) | 62 (26.2%) | |
Completely immobile | 193 (30.2%) | 38 (9.4%) | 155 (65.4%) | |
Friction and shear, mean (SD) | 0.9 (0.9) | 1.2 (0.9) | 0.3 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
Friction and shear | < 0.001 | |||
No apparent problem | 233 (36.4%) | 214 (53.1%) | 19 (8%) | |
Potential problem | 84 (13.1%) | 56 (13.9%) | 28 (11.8%) | |
Problem | 323 (50.5%) | 133 (33%) | 190 (80.2%) | |
Moisture, mean (SD) | 2 (1.2) | 2.5 (0.9) | 1.2 (1.2) | < 0.001 |
Moisture | < 0.001 | |||
Rarely moist | 344 (53.8%) | 286 (71%) | 58 (24.5%) | |
Occasionally moist | 95 (14.8%) | 71 (17.6%) | 24 (10.1%) | |
Very moist | 82 (12.8%) | 19 (4.7%) | 63 (26.6%) | |
Constantly moist | 119 (18.6%) | 27 (6.7%) | 92 (38.8%) | |
