Figure 2

ALE inhibits glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in mouse HT-22 hippocampal cells. (A) The effect of ALE on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-22 was assessed by MTS assay (n = 5). HT-22 cells were pre-treated with ALE at different concentrations (2.5–100 µg/ml) for 24 h, followed by 5 mM glutamate for 18 h. Bar graphs show the % cell viability. (B) The morphology of HT-22 cells was visualized under the inverted light microscope (scale bar is 1000 µm). (C) HPLC chromatograms of flavonoid standards (Top) and A. lebbeck (L.) Benth. leaf (Bottom). (1 = myricetin; 2 = quercetin; 3 = naringenin; 4 = luteolin; 5 = hesperidin; 6 = kaempferol; 7 = apigenin). The data were collected from at least three independent experiments and the results were shown in mean \(\pm\) SEM. ***p-value < 0.005, ****p-value < 0.001 compared with glutamate group. ^#p-value < 0.05 compared with untreated control group.