Table 1 List of Constructs and Items.
Construct | Items | Mean | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
System update | SUP1 | I can sense that ChatGPT is constantly upgrading | Chen et al.14 |
SUP2 | I feel that ChatGPT is becoming more advanced | ||
SUP3 | The functionality of ChatGPT has been enhanced | ||
Memorability | MMR1 | The service system efficiently remembers my needs and preferences | Chen et al.14 |
MMR2 | I don't have to relay my requirements to the service system repeatedly | ||
MMR3 | Even when I haven't used ChatGPT for a while, it still remembers my preferences and needs upon my return | ||
Non-language barriers | NLB1 | ChatGPT understands languages from different countries | Chen et al.14 |
NLB2 | ChatGPT can switch languages seamlessly | ||
NLB3 | ChatGPT caters to my multilingual communication needs | ||
Knowledge acquisition | KAQ1 | ChatGPT allows me to generate new knowledge based on my existing knowledge | Al-Sharafi et al.20 |
KAQ2 | ChatGPT enables me to access knowledge through various resources | ||
KAQ3 | ChatGPT assists me in acquiring knowledge that suits my needs | ||
Knowledge application | KAP1 | ChatGPT provides instant access to a variety of knowledge types | Al-Sharafi et al.20 |
KAP2 | ChatGPT enables me to integrate different types of knowledge | ||
KAP3 | ChatGPT can aid in managing course materials more effectively within the university | ||
Human-like personality | HUP1 | ChatGPT exhibits personality traits similar to those of humans | Chen et al.14 |
HUP2 | I sense that ChatGPT has its unique personality | ||
HUP3 | The personality of ChatGPT is comparable to a human's | ||
Utilitarian value | UTV1 | Compared to the fee I pay (KRW 0 for the free version), the use of ChatGPT provides excellent value for money | Kim and Oh73 |
UTV2 | Considering the effort I invest, the use of ChatGPT is beneficial to me | ||
UTV3 | Relative to the time I spend, the use of ChatGPT is worthwhile | ||
Satisfaction | SAT1 | ChatGPT has met my expectations | Nguyen et al.74 |
SAT2 | ChatGPT efficiently fulfills my needs, such as seeking information or completing transactions | ||
SAT3 | I am satisfied with the support provided by ChatGPT | ||
WOM | WOM1 | I'll spread positive word of mouth about ChatGPT | Mishra and Shukla75 |
WOM2 | I'll recommend ChatGPT to my friends | ||
WOM3 | I'll encourage my friends to use or purchase ChatGPT | ||
Control variables | Gender is categorized as 1 for males and 2 for females Age is recorded as collected | ||
