Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models for overall survival.

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis (Model 1)			Multivariate analysis (Model 2)
Variable	HR	95% CI	p value	adjusted HR	95% CI	p value	adjusted HR	95% CI	p value
Sex (male)	1.21	0.58, 2.54	0.613
Age, year	1.04	1.00, 107	0.048	0.98	0.94, 1.02	0.378	1.00	0.96, 1.04	0.900
BMI, kg/m²	0.94	0.85, 1.03	0.185
HTN (absence)	0.83	0.34, 2.05	0.690
DM (absence)	1.79	0.79, 4.06	0.165
VFA, cm²	1.00	0.99, 1.00	0.409
SFA, cm²	1.00	0.99, 1.00	0.497
SMI, cm²/m²	0.98	0.94, 1.02	0.307
Visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio	0.96	0.74, 1.24	0.738
Skeletal muscle area, cm²	0.99	0.98, 1.00	0.131
Skeletal muscle density, HU	0.94	0.89, 0.98	0.009	0.91	0.86, 0.97	0.003
Sarcopenia (absence)	1.25	0.59, 2.65	0.557
Myosteatosis (absence)	5.66	1.34, 23.88	0.018				5.02	1.09, 23.04	0.038
AAS (100/m² increment)	1.02	1.01, 1.03	< 0.001	1.03	1.01, 1.04	< 0.001	1.02	1.01, 1.03	0.002
Creatinine, mg/dL	1.00	0.91, 1.10	0.963
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²	1.00	0.99, 1.02	0.846
BUN, mg/dL	1.01	1.00, 1.02	0.001	1.01	1.00, 1.02	0.012	1.01	1.00, 1.02	0.019
Albumin, g/dL	0.57	0.29, 1.14	0.114
CRP elevation (absence)	1.30	0.62, 2.75	0.489

The reference category for each categorical variable is in the round brackets in the first column. Model 1, which included age, BUN, AAS, and skeletal muscle density; and Model 2, which included age, BUN, AAS, and presence of myosteatosis.
BMI body mass index, VFA visceral fat area, SFA subcutaneous fat area, SMI skeletal muscle index, AAS abdominal aortic calcium score, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CRP C-reactive protein.

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