Table 3 Results of the generalized linear mixed-effects model for accuracies of the object recognition task including estimated regression coefficients.

From: Using a flashlight-contingent window paradigm to investigate visual search and object memory in virtual reality and on computer screens

Fixed effects

VR model

CS model

Estimate

SE

z

p

Estimate

SE

z

p

Intercept

0.43

0.10

4.21

\(<.001\)

1.02

0.12

8.75

\(<.001\)

Condition (Flashlight–Illuminated)

0.26

0.14

1.88

.061

–0.12

0.15

–0.81

.417

Object type (Distractor–Target)

–2.07

0.17

–12.14

\(<.001\)

–2.26

0.16

–14.25

\(<.001\)

Condition \(\times\) Object type

0.66

0.22

2.99

.003

0.81

0.24

3.36

\(<.001\)

Variance components

Variance

SD

  

Variance

SD

  

Object

   Intercept

0.65

0.81

  

0.56

0.75

  

   Condition

0.45

0.67

  

0.25

0.50

  

   Object type

0.32

0.57

  

0.18

0.43

  

Participant

   Intercept

0.04

0.21

  

0.11

0.33

  

   Condition

0.06

0.25

  

0.15

0.38

  

   Object type

0.27

0.52

  

0.16

0.40

  

Pseudo-R \(^{2}\)(R \(^{2}_{\textrm{marginal}}\), R \(^{2}_{\textrm{conditional}}\))

.21, .39

   

.24, .40

   

Fixed effects

Full model

Estimate

SE

z

p

Intercept

0.72

0.09

8.12

\(<.001\)

Condition (Flashlight–Illuminated)

0.08

0.09

0.89

.374

Object type (Distractor–Target)

–2.12

0.12

–17.58

\(<.001\)

Experiment (CS–VR)

0.61

0.11

5.59

\(<.001\)

Condition \(\times\) Object type

0.59

0.15

3.87

\(<.001\)

Condition \(\times\) Experiment

–0.33

0.17

–1.92

.055

Object type \(\times\) Experiment

–0.28

0.20

–1.39

.163

Condition \(\times\) Object type \(\times\) Experiment

0.23

0.29

0.80

.424

Variance components

Variance

SD

  

Object

   Intercept

0.55

0.74

  

   Condition

0.03

0.18

  

   Object type

0.37

0.61

  

Participant

   Intercept

0.07

0.27

  

   Condition

0.09

0.29

  

   Object type

0.21

0.46

  

Pseudo-R \(^{2}\)(R \(^{2}_{\textrm{marginal}}\), R \(^{2}_{\textrm{conditional}}\))

.24, .39

   
  1. CS = computer screen, VR = virtual reality.