Table 2 The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) obtained from three different interpolation methods, where a smaller value indicates a better interpolation effect (units: ppm).

From: County land use carbon emission and scenario prediction in Mianyang Science and Technology City New District, Sichuan Province, China

Spatial interpolation method

Spring RMSE

Summer RMSE

Autumn RMSE

Winter RMSE

Kriging interpolation

5.494089

3.608426

0.2411935

2.335347

Inverse distance weight

6.529146

5.754797

3.520913

3.236901

BP neural network

6.490193

7.732

3.5118673

5.122628