Table 3 Assessment of the characteristic parameters of each biomarker for predicting POP.

From: Glucose-albumin ratio (GAR) as a novel biomarker for predicting postoperative pneumonia (POP) in older adults with hip fractures

Blood-based biomarkers

Cutoff point

AUC (95% CI)

ACC (%, 95% CI)

SEN (%, 95% CI)

SPE (%, 95% CI)

PPV (%, 95% CI)

NPV (%, 95% CI)

Single biomarkers

 WBC

7.650

0.584 (0.530–0.638)

41.1 (41.1–41.2)

76.9 (69.3–84.6)

37.5 (34.7–40.3)

11.0 (8.9–12.2)

94.2 (92.2–96.3)

 NEU

5.890

0.606 (0.554–0.659)

46.2 (46.2–46.2)

79.5 (72.2–86.8)

42.9 (40.0–45.7)

12.3 (9.9–14.6)

95.4 (93.6–97.2)

 Glucose

6.150

0.628 (0.572–0.682)

51.3 (51.3–51.3)

73.5 (65.5–81.5)

49.1 (46.2–51.9)

12.7 (10.2–15.2)

94.8 (93.1–96.6)

 ALB

38.070

0.707 (0.663–0.751)

57.3 (57.3–57.3)

83.8 (77.7–90.4)

54.6 (51.8–57.5)

15.7 (12.8–18.5)

97.1 (95.8–98.4)

Combinations

 WBC*NEU

47.670

0.598 (0.545–0.652)

47.5 (47.4–47.5)

75.2 (67.4–83.0)

44.7 (41.8–47.5)

12.0 (9.7–14.4)

94.7 (92.8–96.6)

 WBC*Glucose

58.400

0.680 (0.630–0.730)

61.6 (61.6–61.6)

69.2 (60.9–77.6)

60.8 (58.0–63.6)

15.1 (12.1–18.1)

95.2 (93.6–96.7)

 WBC/ALB

0.225

0.656 (0.604–0.709)

54.8 (54.8–54.8)

76.1 (68.3–83.8)

52.7 (49.8–55.5)

13.9 (11.2–16.6)

95.6 (94.0–97.2)

 NEU*Glucose

37.215

0.681 (0.631–0.730)

47.4 (47.3–47.4)

85.5 (79.1–91.9)

43.5 (40.7–46.4)

13.2 (10.8–15.6)

96.7 (95.2–98.3)

 NEU/ALB

0.179

0.662 (0.611–0.714)

58.2 (58.2–58.3)

70.1 (61.8–78.4)

57.1 (54.2–59.9)

14.1 (11.3–16.9)

95.0 (93.4–96.6)

 GAR

0.175

0.750 (0.710–0.790)

63.5 (63.5–63.5)

79.5 (72.2–86.8)

61.9 (59.1–64.7)

17.4 (14.1–20.6)

96.8 (95.5–98.0)

  1. AUC area under curve, ACC accuracy, SEN sensitivity, SPE specificity, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, WBC White Blood Cell, NEU neutrophil, ALB albumin, GAR glucose to albumin ratio.