Table 1 Characteristics of the enrolled patients with thyroid nodules based on the Bethesda system and surgical pathology.

From: Differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules using heterogeneity quantification software on ultrasound images: correlation with the Bethesda system and surgical pathology

 

Total (n = 188)

II-B (n = 24)

III-B (n = 52)

III-M (n = 54)

V/VI-M (n = 58)

p-value*,†

Patial eta squared (η2)

Age (year)

47.4 ± 12.7

44.8 ± 14.1

48.2 ± 14.7

47.0 ± 11.0

48.1 ± 11.7

*0.693

0.008

Male:female (n)

43:145

4:20

16:36

7:47

16:42

†0.107

0.032

Pathology* (n)

 Nodular hyperplasia

33

12

21

0

0

  

 Follicular adenoma

35

11

24

0

0

  

 Hürthle cell adenoma

1

0

1

0

0

  

 NIFTP

7

1

6

0

0

  

 PTCFV

12

0

0

12

0

  

 PTC

100

0

0

42

58

  

TSH level (mIU/L)

2.07 ± 1.29

1.98 ± 1.55

1.91 ± 1.10

2.17 ± 1.31

2.15 ± 1.31

†0.997

 < 0.001

 Pre TSH ≤ 2

110

14

31

31

34

  

 Pre TSH > 2

78

10

21

23

24

  

Nodule size at US (mm)

17.2 ± 12.6

38.3 ± 9.7

22.1 ± 11.9

9.9 ± 6.4

10.9 ± 4.0

* < 0.001abcde

0.578

  1. B: benign; M: malignant, NIFTP: non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary like nuclear features, PTC: papillary thyroid carcinoma. PTCFV: papillary thyroid carcinoma follicular variant, TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone.
  2. Pathology data are presented as the number of patients.
  3. Effect size was calculated as the partial eta squared value (η2) for measuring the difference between the means of four groups. Refer to effect sizes as small (η2 = 0.01), medium (η2 = 0.06), and large (η2 = 0.14).
  4. *The differences among three fibrosis groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test as follows: aII-B vs. III-B; bII-B vs. III-M; cII-B vs. V/VI-M; dIII-B vs. III-M; eIII-B vs. V/VI-M; fIII-M vs. V/VI-M.
  5. † The differences among fibrosis groups in pathology data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test.
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