Figure 7
From: Attosecond and nano-Coulomb electron bunches via the Zero Vector Potential mechanism
The z-\({p_z}\) phase space for the 3D simulation, namely, (\({x_\mathrm {T'}}\), \({p_\mathrm {T'}}\)) as defined in the “Methods” section. The ellipse marked with a dashed line is defined by the relevant Courant–Snyder parameters for the distribution and its area is proportional to the transverse normalised emittance of the electron bunch.
