Table 2 Changes in Weighted Chlamydia trachomatis Prevalence in Persons Aged 18–39 Years Between NHANES in 2005–2010 and 2011–2016a.

From: Trends in chlamydia prevalence in the United States, 2005–2016

 

2005–2010

2011–2016

Change, %

(95% CI)

P value

Prevalence

(95% CI)

Prevalence (95% CI)

Overall

1.57 (1.27–1.87)

1.88 (1.55–2.22)

19.7 (0.2–39.2)

0.016

Gender

    

 Male

1.45 (1.03–1.86)

1.94 (1.45–2.42)

33.8 (2.1–65.4)

0.023

 Female

1.70 (1.27–2.13)

1.83 (1.37–2.29)

7.7 (-22.3–37.7)

0.070

Age, y

    

 18–29

2.18 (1.73–2.64)

2.81 (2.27–3.34)

28.4 (4.5–52.2)

0.038

 30–39

0.83 (0.49–1.17)

0.73 (0.41–1.05)

 − 12.3 (− 65.5–40.6)

0.091

Race/ethnicity

    

 Mexican American

1.97 (1.28–2.65)

2.67 (1.68–3.67)

35.7 (− 13.2–84.7)

0.173

 Other Hispanic

1.95 (0.84–3.05)

2.42 (1.23–3.60)

24.2 (− 48.6–97.1)

0.254

 Non-Hispanic White

0.75 (0.42–1.08)

0.95 (0.53–1.36)

26.5 (− 31.3–84.4)

0.154

 Non-Hispanic Black

5.03 (3.91–6.14)

5.12 (3.97–6.27)

1.9 (− 29.0–32.8)

0.089

 Otherb

1.26 (0.10–2.41)

1.53 (0.83–2.23)

21.8 (− 67.1–110.6)

0.574

Education

    

 < High school

1.76 (1.07–2.46)

2.31 (1.35–3.28)

31.1 (− 24.1–86.2)

0.123

 High school

2.01 (1.26–2.76)

2.47 (1.58–3.37)

23.1 (− 25.0–71.3)

0.259

 > High school

0.94 (0.59–1.30)

1.34 (0.95–1.72)

42.2 (2.9–81.5)

0.048

Marital status

    

 Never married

1.93 (1.37–2.48)

2.76 (2.07–3.46)

43.5 (11.2–75.7)

0.031

 Widowed/divorced/separated

2.81 (1.24–4.37)

3.95 (1.98–5.93)

40.9 (− 32.0–113.7)

0.616

 Married/living with partner

0.90 (0.58–1.22)

0.72 (0.41–1.02)

− 20.1 (− 67.3–27.0)

0.334

Family poverty ratio

    

 < 100%

2.31 (1.59–3.02)

2.61 (1.86–3.36)

13.1 (− 24.5–50.7)

0.215

 ≥ 100%

1.42 (1.07–1.76)

1.58 (1.20–1.95)

11.3 (− 17.3–39.8)

0.278

Age at first sexc, y

    

 < 18

1.77 (1.31–2.24)

2.48 (1.93–3.02)

39.6 (10.5–68.7)

0.025

 ≥ 18

0.85 (0.41–1.30)

1.06 (0.56–1.55)

24.1 (− 32.9–81.0)

0.349

Lifetime no. sexual partners

    

 0

0.33 (− 0.48–1.14)

0.84 (0.08–1.60)

156.2 (− 58.5–370.9)

0.918

 1

0.58 (0.02–1.15)

0.42 (0.00–0.84)

 − 28.3 (− 121.3–64.7)

0.871

 2–5

1.43 (0.85–2.00)

2.29 (1.60–2.99)

60.6 (17.1–104.0)

0.041

 > 5

1.70 (1.18–2.22)

2.22 (1.62–2.81)

30.5 (− 4.7–65.8)

0.267

Past STI diagnosisd

    

 Yes

1.96 (0.14–3.29)

0.56 (− 0.14–1.27)

 − 71.2 (− 182.4–39.9)

0.772

 No

1.40 (1.05–1.75)

2.07 (1.65–2.13)

47. 9 (20.6–75.1)

0.033

  1. Data were expressed as % (95% CI). NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, CI confidence interval, STI sexually transmitted infection.
  2. aAll estimates were weighted to be nationally representative.
  3. b“Other” includes race and ethnicity other than non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic, including multiracial.
  4. cDefined as vaginal, oral, or anal.
  5. dParticipants who have been told by a doctor or other health care professional in the last 12 months that they had chlamydia or gonorrhea or have ever been told they have herpes or genital warts.
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