Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all patients in the training cohort and validation cohort.

From: A nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic shock in pediatric patients with multiple trauma

Variables

Training cohort(n = 325) M (P25, P75)/N (%)

Validation cohort(n = 144) M (P25, P75)/N (%)

P-value*

Age (years)

4.67 (2.75, 7.75)

5.00 (2.90, 7.80)

0.459

Gender

  

0.767

Female

115 (35.4)

53 (36.8)

 

Male

210 (64.6)

91 (63.2)

 

Cause of injury

  

0.066

Traffic injury

146 (44.9)

78 (54.2)

 

Falling injury

130 (40.0)

54 (37.5)

 

Others

49 (15.1)

12 ( 8.3)

 

Organ injury

  

0.096

Yes

151 (46.5)

55 (38.2)

 

No

174 (53.5)

89 (61.8)

 

ΔSBP (mmHg)

15.00 (6.00, 28.00)

17.00 (8.00, 26.00)

0.659

ΔDBP (mmHg)

3.00 (-6.00, 13.00)

4.00 (-4.00, 14.00)

0.733

Body temperature (℃)

37.20 (36.60, 37.70)

37.00 (36.70, 37.50)

0.151

Hb (g/L)

103.00 (88.00, 116.00)

105.00 (90.00, 118.00)

0.325

WBC (× 109/L)

13.42 (9.86, 18.74)

13.45 (9.12, 19.18)

0.770

PLT (× 109/L)

241.00 (176.00, 305.00)

251.50 (189.00, 315.00)

0.368

APTT (s)

27.10 (24.90, 30.10)

27.60 (24.70, 32.20)

0.328

PT (s)

12.90 (11.80, 16.20)

12.90 (11.70, 15.40)

0.486

pH

7.39 (7.34, 7.42)

7.39 (7.35, 7.42)

0.61

Lac (mmol/L)

2.00 (1.30, 3.30)

2.10 (1.37, 3.40)

0.678

BE (mmol/L)

-2.90 (-5.00, -1.10)

-3.20 (-4.90, -1.48)

0.377

HCT

32.70 (28.00, 36.60)

33.50 (29.17, 36.40)

0.488

Glu (mmol/L)

7.30 (6.20, 9.20)

7.50 (6.37, 9.30)

0.376

GCS

13.00 (8.00, 13.00)

12.00 (7.00, 13.00)

0.116

ISS

19.00 (10.00, 29.00)

18.00 (12.00, 23.00)

0.082

  1. *P-value compare the characteristics in the training and validation cohorts using Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney test or exact Fisher test depending on whether the variable is continuous or categorical.
  2. ΔSBP = Delta-systolic blood pressure, ΔDBP = Delta-diastolic blood pressure, Hb = hemoglobin, WBC = white blood cells, PLT = platelets, PTT = activated partial thrombin time, PT = prothrombin time, Lac = lactate, BE = base excess, HCT = hematocrit, Glu = blood glucose, ISS = injury severity score, GCS = glasgow coma scale.