Table 1 Comparison of positivity rates, demographic characteristics and co-infection patterns in H. influenzae-associated patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

H. influenzae-positives [No. (%)]

986 (16.6)

240 (15.9)

333 (20.5) ^a

83 (9.5) ^{a, b}

186 (17.9)

144 (16.1) ^b

Age (months)

14.5 (6–36)

11 (6–24)

13 (6–31.5)

27 (7–45) ^{a, b}

22 (8–42) ^{a, b}

22.5 (7–44.75) ^{a, b}

Male patients [No. (%)]

580 (58.8)

141 (58.8)

202 (60.7)

52 (62.7)

101 (54.3)

84 (58.3)

Respiratory co-infections [No. (%)]

S. pneumoniae

120 (12.2)

25 (10.4)

38 (11.4)

8 (9.6)

32 (17.2) ^a

17 (11.8)

S. aureus

30 (3.0)

6 (2.5)

17 (5.1)

3 (3.6)

1 (0.5) ^b

3 (2.1)

M. catarrhalis

51 (5.2)

7 (2.9)

12 (3.6)

6 (7.2)

20 (10.8) ^{a, b}

6 (4.2)

M. pneumoniae

249 (31.1)

61 (32.8)

93 (33.5)

24 (34.3)

49 (30.8)

22 (20.4) ^{a, b}

IVA

15 (1.5)

3 (1.3)

11 (3.4)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0) ^b

1 (0.7)

IVB

4 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

2 (0.6)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

PIV

36 (3.8)

13 (5.4)

13 (4.0)

2 (2.5)

4 (2.2)

4 (3.1)

RSV

96 (9.9)

28 (11.7)

36 (11.0)

12 (14.8)

12 (6.6)

8 (6.0)

ADV

7 (0.7)

0 (0.0)

6 (1.8)

1 (1.2)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)