Table 8 Overview of mineralogical components and characteristics in loess paleosols.

From: The geological origins and soil properties of loess-like silty clay: a case study in the jinan area

Loess paleosol layer

Mineral composition

Holocene

Illite, Montmorillonite, Kaolinite, Quartz, Calcite, Organic Matter

Upper pleistocene

Illite, Montmorillonite, Kaolinite, Glauconite, Calcite, Quartz

Middle pleistocene

Illite, Montmorillonite, Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, Quartz, Fe2O3