Table 1 Characteristics of study populations.
Characteristics | Total population (n = 150) Mean ± SD or No (%) | Control (n = 90) Mean ± SD or No (%) | GDM (n = 60) Mean ± SD or No (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age (year) | 32.234 ± 4.902 | 31.361 ± 4.836 | 33.543 ± 4.745 | 0.007 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.624 ± 2.954 | 21.353 ± 2.601 | 22.031 ± 3.399 | 0.169 |
SBP (mmHg) | 107.116 ± 9.730 | 105.995 ± 9.341 | 108.798 ± 10.134 | 0.084 |
DBP (mmHg) | 69.829 ± 8.212 | 69.444 ± 7.734 | 70.405 ± 8.917 | 0.484 |
Nationality | 0.227 | |||
Han | 91 (60.667) | 52 (57.778) | 39 (65) | |
Zhuang | 46 (30.667) | 27 (30) | 19 (31.667) | |
Others | 13 (8.667) | 11 (12.222) | 2 (3.333) | |
Education level | 0.501 | |||
High school and below | 53 (35.333) | 32 (35.556) | 21 (35) | |
University and below | 77 (51.333) | 49 (54.444) | 28 (46.667) | |
Above university | 20 (13.333) | 9 (10) | 11 (18.333) | |
Household income (yuan) | 0.432 | |||
0- | 70 (46.667) | 44 (48.889) | 26 (43.333) | |
50,000- | 40 (26.667) | 22 (24.444) | 18 (30) | |
100,000- | 40 (26.667) | 24 (26.667) | 16 (26.667) | |
Occupation | 0.485 | |||
Office clerk | 116 (77.333) | 68 (75.556) | 48 (80) | |
Industrial worker | 5 (3.333) | 3 (3.333) | 2 (3.333) | |
Agricultural worker | 4 (2.667) | 2 (2.222) | 2 (3.333) | |
Others | 25 (16.667) | 17 (18.889) | 8 (13.333) | |
Smoking history | 0.812 | |||
No | 147 (98) | 88 (97.778) | 59 (98.333) | |
Yes | 3 (2) | 2 (2.222) | 1 (1.667) | |
Number of pregnancies | 0.186 | |||
Primipara | 138 (96.667) | 85 (94.444) | 53 (88.333) | |
Multipara | 12 (3.333) | 5 (5.556) | 7 (11.667) | |
History of diabetes | 0.082 | |||
No | 148 (98.667) | 90 (100) | 58 (96.667) | |
Yes | 2 (1.333) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.333) | |
History of gestational diabetes | 0.028 | |||
No | 144 (96) | 89 (98.889) | 55 (91.667) | |
Yes | 6 (4) | 1 (1.111) | 5 (8.333) | |
Family history of diabetes | 0.529 | |||
No | 143 (95.333) | 85 (94.444) | 58 (96.667) | |
Yes | 7 (4.667) | 5 (5.556) | 2 (3.333) |
