Table 3 The association between health literacy and poor mental health obtained from logistic regression analysis (n = 19,903).

From: Health literacy and mental health: a national cross-sectional inquiry

 

Univariate

Multivariate*

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

Age(years)

0.997 (0.994–0.999)

0.016

0.994 (0.991–0.998)

0.002

Gender

 Male

1.0 (ref)

 

1.0 (ref)

 

 Female

1.160 (1.091–1.234)

0.001

1.172 (1.067–1.287)

0.001

Education (years)

0.941 (0.933–0.948)

0.001

0.961 (0.951–0.970)

0.001

Employment

 Employed

1.0 (ref)

 

1.0 (ref)

 

 Housewife

1.374 (1.274–1.481)

0.001

1.076 (0.961–1.204)

0.205

 Retired

0.821 (0.707–0.953)

0.001

0.892 (0.754–1.055)

0.180

 Student

1.071 (0.927–1.181)

0.164

0.998 (0.891–1.117)

0.971

 Unemployed

2.201 (1.968–2.462)

0.001

1.967 (1.746–2.215)

0.001

Health literacy

 Adequate

1.0 (ref)

 

1.0 (ref)

 

 Limited

2.721 (2.555–2.899)

0.001

2.560 (2.396–2.735)

0.001

  1. *Adjusted for age, gender, education and employment.