Table 5 Descriptive statistics, reliability, and validity.

From: Virtual resonance: analyzing IPA usage intensity under COVID-19's isolating canopy

Construct

Items

Mean

St. dev

Factor loading

Cronbach's alpha

CR

AVE

Affective risk perception

ARP1

4.612

1.531

0.879

0.748

0.753

0.545

ARP2

4.185

1.826

0.538

ARP3

5.035

1.418

0.758

Cabin fever syndrome

CFS1

2.958

1.574

0.883

0.910

0.909

0.770

CFS2

3.062

1.575

0.886

CFS3

3.185

1.630

0.863

Lonliness

LON1

3.115

1.579

0.775

0.873

0.875

0.703

LON2

2.631

1.567

0.911

LON3

2.981

1.735

0.824

Parasocial interaction

PIA1

3.488

1.487

0.853

0.916

0.918

0.787

PIA2

3.365

1.574

0.929

PIA3

3.012

1.535

0.878

IPA usage intensity

IUI1

3.162

1.570

0.937

0.959

0.959

0.885

IUI2

3.012

1.599

0.949

IUI3

3.096

1.567

0.936

Gender

Gender

0.496

0.500

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

Age

Age

3.058

0.993

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

IPA platform

Platform

1.831

0.993

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000