Table 3 Outcome assessment of anxiety and length of hospital stay: case-complete analysis.

From: Impact of horticultural therapy on patients admitted to psychiatric wards, a randomised, controlled and open trial

Variables and time points

Horticultural therapy

(N = 106)

Standard of care

(N = 105)

Mean difference between groups

(95% CIa)

P value

Anxiety (HADS-Aa)

 At inclusion—mean (SDa)

13.7 (2.9)

12.7 (2.9)

  

 Primary outcome at 4 weeksb—mean (SDa)

9.55 (4.10)

11.02 (4.39)

−1.48

(−2.68 to −0.27)

0·017

 Secondary outcome at 8 weeksc—mean (SDa)

9.56 (4.64)

10.59 (3.91)

−1.03

(−2.33 to 0.26)

 

Length of hospital stay in days

 Mean (SDa)

47.3 (24.4)

48.3 (27.6)

−1.00 (−9.03; 7.02)

 

 Median (IQRa)

43.0 (32.0–58.0)

42.5 (29.0–56.0)

  
  1. aSD = Standard Deviation. IQR = Interquartile Range. CI = confidence interval. HADS-A = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—Anxiety.
  2. bDatas were available for 99 patients in the horticultural therapy group and 92 in the standard of care group.
  3. cDatas were available for 86 patients in the horticultural therapy group and 81 in the standard of care group.
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