Table 1 Indicators and corresponding datasets included in modeling to represent the different driver categories and food system dimensions. Tree cover loss pixels correspond to data from the Terra-i monitoring system. The data and metadata with links to the datasets used in the study are available online (see Data availability statement).
Food system dimension | Underlying drivers | Indicators | Variable name | Dataset | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consumption/demand | Population and development changes | Population demographic transition | Population growth | Population growth (annual %) | World Bank |
Rural population | Rural population (% of total population) | World Bank | |||
Consumers’ income | Gross domestic product (GDP) growth | GDP growth | GDP growth (annual %) | World Bank | |
Price changes | Commodity price changes | Food inflation | Food price inflation (%) | FAOSTAT | |
Production/supply | Poverty-related factors | GDP per capita | GDP per capita | GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (current international $) | World Bank |
Access to infrastructure | Average travel time to population centers | Travel time | Average travel time from tree cover loss pixels to population centers with > 5000 people (minutes) | Own calculations based on Nelson et al.40 | |
Environmental factors | Climate change, climate shocks, extreme weather events | Temperature change | Temperature change (°C) | FAOSTAT | |
Elevation | Elevation | Median elevation (MASL) of tree cover loss pixels | Own calculations based on Nelson et al.40 | ||
Trade/distribution | Market-related changes | Food imports | Food imports | % of merchandise imports | World Bank |
Food exports | Food exports | % of merchandise exports | World Bank | ||
Trade-related factors | Exports of goods and services | GDP exports | % of GDP from exports | World Bank | |
Private and foreign public investments | Foreign direct investment | Foreign invest | Change over time in foreign direct investment (billion US$) | International Monetary Fund |
