Figure 6

Time-kill assay evaluating the efficacy of cell-free supernatants from three selected Lactobacilli strains (L. fermentum NANDAN, L. crispatus, and L. jensenii) against biofilm derived cells of uropathogens. Each panel in the figure represents the effect of the Lactobacilli strains on a specific uropathogen. (a) Effect on E. coli UTI89 (b) Effect on E. coli CFT073 (c) Effect on E. coli F11 (d) Effect of tryptamine and commercial tryptamine on E. coli UTI89, with untreated and CFS treatments as negative and positive controls respectively. The error bars represent the standard deviation among the three replicates.