Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.
From: Life’s Essential 8 is inversely associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Characteristic | Total (n = 28,010) | Men (n = 13,593) | Women (n = 14,417) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 57.5 ± 4.3 | 57.5 ± 4.4 | 57.5 ± 4.3 |
Highest completed level of education | |||
Not completed primary school | 171 (0.6%) | 86 (0.6%) | 85 (0.6%) |
Primary school | 2380 (8.5%) | 1321 (9.7%) | 1059 (7.3%) |
High school | 12,727 (45.4%) | 6614 (48.7%) | 6113 (42.4%) |
College or university | 12,732 (45.5%) | 5572 (41.0%) | 7160 (49.7%) |
Alcohol use | |||
Never | 2479 (8.9%) | 999 (7.3%) | 1480 (10.3%) |
Monthly or less | 4300 (15.4%) | 1746 (12.8%) | 2554 (17.7%) |
2–4 times a month | 10,739 (38.3%) | 5220 (38.4%) | 5519 (38.3%) |
2–3 times a week | 8454 (30.2%) | 4322 (31.8%) | 4132 (28.7%) |
≥ 4 times a week | 2038 (7.3%) | 1306 (9.6%) | 732 (5.1%) |
hs-CRP | 1.7 ± 1.7 | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 1.7 |
≤ 3.0 mg/L | 23,973 (85.6%) | 11,824 (86.7%) | 12,149 (84.3%) |
> 3–10a mg/L | 4037 (14.4%) | 1769 (13.0%) | 2268 (15.7%) |
Behaviors | |||
Diet, points in MEPA Questionnaire | 8.2 ± 2.2 | 7.7 ± 2.0 | 8.8 ± 2.1 |
Physical activity, min/day | 56.2 ± 29.8 | 58.2 ± 31.5 | 54.3 ± 28.0 |
Current smoker | 3447 (12.3%) | 1664 (12.2%) | 1783 (12.4%) |
Former smoker | 10,105 (36.1%) | 4545 (33.4%) | 5560 (38.6%) |
Never smoker | 14,170 (50.6%) | 7256 (53.4%) | 6914 (48.0%) |
Sleep, ≤ 4–5 h/night | 2662 (9.6%) | 1182 (8.8%) | 1480 (10.3%) |
Sleep, 6–9 h/night | 24,842 (89.5%) | 12,192 (90.5%) | 12,650 (88.4%) |
Sleep, ≥ 10 h/night | 173 (0.6%) | 68 (0.5%) | 105 (0.7%) |
Health factors | |||
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.9 ± 4.4 | 27.4 ± 3.9 | 26.4 ± 4.7 |
Non-HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.4 ± 1.0 |
HbA1c, mmol/mol | 36.4 ± 6.2 | 36.7 ± 7.0 | 36.2 ± 5.4 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 125.8 ± 17.0 | 128.7 ± 15.6 | 123.0 ± 17.8 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77.5 ± 10.5 | 78.4 ± 10.1 | 76.6 ± 10.8 |
LE8 score, 0–100 | 70.8 ± 11.5 | 68.6 ± 11.1 | 72.9 ± 11.6 |
≤ 49 | 1103 (3.9%) | 662 (4.9%) | 441 (3.1%) |
50–79 | 20,224 (72.2%) | 10,691 (78.7%) | 9533 (66.1%) |
≥ 80 | 6683 (23.9%) | 2240 (16.5%) | 4443 (30.8%) |
