Table 1 Patient characteristics and risk factors in the anesthesia groups (TIVA or volatile anesthesia).

From: Impact of general anesthesia on postoperative complications in orthognathic surgery: a retrospective comparison of total intravenous anesthesia versus volatile anesthesia

Anesthesia

TIVA (n = 51)

Volatile anesthetics (n = 31)

OR (95% CI)

P value

Sex (male/female)

15/36

15/16

Reference (male)

2.25 (0.89–5.68)

0.086

Age (years)

23.6 ± 7.4

29.0 ± 11.6

0.94 (0.89–0.99)

0.018*

Smoking (Yes/No)

4/47

5/26

Reference (No)

0.44 (0.11–1.79)

0.254

BMI (kg/m2)

21.3 ± 2.4

21.4 ± 2.7

0.97 (0.81–1.16)

0.759

Surgical time (min)

175.6 ± 35.8

173.4 ± 33.5

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.782

Anesthesia time (min)

300.2 ± 42.4

297.3 ± 36.1

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.748

Use of opioids

  

  Fentanyl (μg)

284.8 ± 90.1

301.6 ± 80.6

0.89 (0.69–1.16)

0.397

  Remifentanil (μg)

4923.0 ± 1341.6

4444.4 ± 1416.6

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

0.131

In–Out balance (mL)

1186.8 ± 520.1

1625.7 ± 608.7

0.87 (0.79–0.95)

0.003*

Infusion (mL)

2500.6 ± 786.8

2530.7 ± 619.7

0.99 (0.93–1.06)

0.854

Out (mL)

1313.8 ± 682.0

905.0 ± 409.6

1.18 (1.05–1.32)

0.005*

  Bleeding (mL)

246.1 ± 133.5

273.8 ± 204.3

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

0.456

  Urine (mL)

1067.7 ± 687.6

631.1 ± 366.9

1.21 (1.07–1.37)

0.002*

  1. Mean ± S.D. *P value < 0.05.
  2. Odds ratios (ORs) are based on the following one unit change: fentanyl 50 μg, remifentanil 100 μg, in–out balance (infusion and out) 100 mL, urine 100 mL, and bleeding 10 mL.
  3. BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; S.D., standard deviation; TIVA, total intravenous anesthesia.
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