Table 2 Impact of different basal media in the content of total phenolic and withanolides, DPPH free radical scavenging, and PAL activities of Physalis alkekengi callus tissue.

From: Optimized medium composition in Physalis alkekengi callus culture altered nitric oxide level for inducing antioxidant enzyme activities and secondary metabolites

Treatment

Total phenolics (µg GAE g−1 DW)

Withanolides

(mg g−1 DW)

DPPH free radical scavenging activity (%)

PAL activity

(mg CA mg−1 protein)

MS (Con)

95.32 ± 7.88 b

36.14 ± 2.31 b

68.4 ± 3.72 b

0.52 ± 0.027 b

1/2 MS

62.38 ± 6.35 c

24.71 ± 2.14 c

55.7 ± 2.67 c

0.33 ± 0.024 d

2 MS

129.44 ± 7.18 a

45.72 ± 1.35 a

89.3 ± 4.31 a

0.71 ± 0.032 a

B5

78.62 ± 6.11 bc

43.46 ± 1.95 ab

71.5 ± 3.49 b

0.41 ± 0.039 c

1/2 B5

48.71 ± 4.99 d

27.73 ± 1.04 c

51.4 ± 3.42 c

0.28 ± 0.028 d

2 B5

119.66 ± 8.38 a

49.86 ± 2.45 a

91.3 ± 2.57 a

0.65 ± 0.035 ab

  1. Values are means ± SE of four replicates. Different letters indicated significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences.
  2. Con, control; MS, Murashige and Skoog; B5, Gamborg; SE, standard error; GAE, gallic acid; DW, dry weight; CA, cinnamic acid.
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