Table 2 Input parameter values and distributions.

From: Modeling pediatric antibiotic use in an area of declining malaria prevalence

Parameter

Description

Distribution

Base value

Range

Histogram of parameter estimates following a Beta distribution

\({P}_{Malaria only}\)

Prevalence of malaria-only diagnoses

Beta(139.0, 226.3)

0.38

0.29, 0.48

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\({P}_{Mixed}\)

Prevalence of mixed malaria-NMFI diagnoses

\(\frac{{P}_{{Mixed}_{Base}}*(1-{P}_{Malaria only})}{1-{P}_{{Malaria only}_{Base}}}\)

0.14

0.12, 0.16

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\({P}_{NMFI}\)

Prevalence of NMFI diagnoses

\(\frac{{P}_{{NMFI}_{Base}}*\left({1-P}_{Malaria only}-{P}_{Mixed}\right)}{{1-P}_{{Malaria only}_{Base}}-{P}_{{Mixed}_{Base}}}\)

0.48

0.40, 0.55

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\({AB}_{Malaria only}\)

Prevalence of antibiotic use among malaria-only diagnoses

Beta(139.1, 227.0)

0.38

0.30, 0.47

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\({AB}_{Mixed}\)

Prevalence of antibiotic use among mixed diagnoses

Beta(64.6, 26.4)

0.71

0.53, 0.86

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\({AB}_{NMFI}\)

Prevalence of antibiotic use among NMFI diagnoses

Beta(39.3, 8.5)

0.82

0.54, 0.97

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  1. Base parameter values (\({P}_{{Malaria only}_{Base}}\), \({P}_{{Mixed}_{Base}}\), and \({P}_{{NMFI}_{Base}}\)) are 0.38, 0.14, and 0.48, respectively. Scenario-specific PMalaria only is the value sampled from the Beta distribution and PMixed is obtained via the calculation given in the table.
  2. AB antibiotic (use), NMFI non-malarial febrile illness.