Table 8 Deformation convergence for different types of leaf spring.

From: Analysis of glass fiber-reinforced composite leaf springs in a light commercial vehicle

Types of leaf spring

Structural steel multi leaf spring

GFRC Both flat leaf spring

GFRC 1st flat leaf and 2nd parabolic leaf spring

GFRC both parabolic leaf spring

GFRC both parabolic leaf spring with aluminium alloy bush

Deformation convergence (%)

0.27052

0.12162

2.7052

2.8504

2.8415