Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Aquaponic growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum) with African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in standard substrate combined with a Humicacid Fiber-Substrate (HFS)

Figure 3

Comparison of O. basilicum leaf SPAD values (%) of experimental substrate and irrigation groups; with S1 (Trial I, n = 18) and S2 (Trial II, n = 18) denoting control groups (Control) with 100% Einheitserde substrate (+ commercial dried starter fertiliser) watered with commercial fertiliser, “E” denotes groups with 100% “Einheitserde” (Trial I, n = 18), and “HFS” denotes Humicacid Fiber-Substrate groups (Trial II, n = 18); EAU: plants irrigated with extensive aquaculture process water effluents (n = 18); IAU: plants irrigated with intensive aquaculture effluents (n = 18); M: market samples of basil leaves from local food chains: M I: sample from ALDI-Nord (Germany; n = 66); M II: sample from Netto Marken-Discount Stiftung & Co. KG (Germany; n = 66) and M III: sample from Netto ApS & Co. KG, Salling Group A/S (Germany, Denmark; n = 66); different letters showing different groups (p < 0.05), analysed by Kruskal–Wallis-ANOVA.

Back to article page