Table 2 Water sources and sanitation in Collins Chabane and Thulamela local municipalities.

From: Distribution of host-specific Bacteriodales marker genes in water sources of selected rural areas of Vhembe District, South Africa

Household respondents

Local Municipalities

CLM

TLM

Number

Frequency

Number

Frequency

Water sources

Yard taps

11

39.3.0%

20

37.0%

Community standpoints

9

32.1%

0

0%

Roof harvested rainwater

0

0%

0

0%

River/stream

0

0%

9

16.7%

Spring

8

28.6%

18

33.3%

Borehole

0

0%

0

0%

Dug well

0

0%

7

13.0%

 

n = 28

 

n = 54

 

Animals grazing around water sources

Cattle

13

46.4%

28

51.9%

Chickens

6

21.4%

20

37.0%

Pigs

4

14.3%

0

0

Dogs

5

17.9%

6

11.1%

 

n = 28

 

n = 54

 

Sanitation

Pit latrine (unimproved)

22

78.6%

50

92.6%

Pit latrine with concrete slab

5

17.9%

2

3.7%

Septic/Flush

0

0%

2

3.7%

VIP1

0

0%

0

0%

Open defecation

1

3.6%

0

0%

 

n = 28

 

n = 54

 
  1. 1VIP (Ventilated improved pit latrine): Improved.