Figure 5
From: Remote sensing of soil moisture using Rydberg atoms and satellite signals of opportunity

SM sensing using XM satellite signals (XM-3 A1 sub-channel). (a) The soil sample was identical to Fig. 4. (b) VSM was inverted dynamically based correlations to a reference and using a linear SM model. The solid line is a 10 point moving average (c) An exponential fit for data after each added-water (AW) cycle shows a percolation time constant that increases with each cycle to > 9 min.