Table 4 Comparisons of lateral cephalometric readings between the three study groups.

From: The effect of different functional appliances on the sagittal pharyngeal airway dimension in skeletal class II: a retrospective study

 

IMA (n = 20)

MB (n = 20)

TB (n = 20)

p value 1

Mean (SD)

SNA°

T0

81.10 (1.36)

80.63 (3.05)

81.20 (1.35)

0.65

T1

80.91 (1.55)

80.40 (3.09)

81.01 (1.55)

0.64

Difference

− 0.19 (0.44)

− 0.23 (0.70)

− 0.19 (0.45)

0.87

p value 2

0.07

0.16

0.07

 

SNB°

T0

71.89 (3.92)

72.86 (3.53)

71.54 (3.95)

0.53

T1

75.79 (3.25)

75.36 (3.81)

75.84 (2.58)

0.85

Difference

3.90 (3.34)

2.50 (3.60)

4.30 (3.32)

0.68

p value 2

 < 0.001*

0.006*

 < 0.001*

 

ANB°

T0

8.21 (2.47)

7.70 (1.91)

8.66 (2.63)

0.45

T1

5.22 (1.77)

4.96 (1.86)

5.08 (2.01)

0.91

Difference

− 3.00 (1.08)

− 2.76 (1.32)

− 3.59 (1.01)

0.06

p value 2

 < 0.001*

 < 0.001*

 < 0.001*

 

Witts appraisal (mm)

T0

7.50 (2.05)

6.40 (1.36)

7.54 (2.08)

0.10

T1

5.21 (1.97)

4.41 (1.67)

4.99 (1.80)

0.36

Difference

− 2.30 (0.64)

− 1.99 (1.45)

− 2.56 (0.71)

0.39

p value 2

 < 0.001*

 < 0.001*

 < 0.001*

 

FMA°

T0

32.82 (5.58)

33.57 (3.67)

33.86 (6.48)

0.82

T1

33.83 (4.86)

32.80 (2.85)

32.98 (2.59)

0.40

Difference

1.01 (7.78)

− 0.77 (4.18)

− 1.55 (6.12)

0.33

p value 2

0.57

0.42

0.27

 
  1. Significant values are in [bold].
  2. T0, pre-treatment; T1, post-treatment; SD, standard deviation.
  3. p value 1: Comparisons between the two study groups using one-way ANOVA (for T0 and T1 comparisons), and Kruskal Wallis test (for difference comparisons).
  4. p value 2: Comparisons between T0 and T1 within each group using paired t-test.
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