Table 1 Demographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma during 2004–2018.
From: Prognostic factors in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Variables | Before propensity score matching | P | After propensity score matching | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | No surgery | Surgery | Overall | No surgery | Surgery | |||
N = 7940 | N = 5377 | N = 2563 | N = 1938 | N = 969 | N = 969 | |||
N (%) | n (%) | n (%) | N (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
Age group (years) | < 0.001 | 0.710 | ||||||
25–54 | 2365 (29.8) | 1509 (28.1) | 856 (33.4) | 637 (32.9) | 311 (32.1) | 326 (33.6) | ||
55–64 | 1649 (20.8) | 1096 (20.4) | 553 (21.6) | 431 (22.2) | 213 (22.0) | 218 (22.5) | ||
65–74 | 2441 (30.7) | 1615 (30.0) | 826 (32.2) | 567 (29.3) | 285 (29.4) | 282 (29.1) | ||
75–85 | 1485 (18.7) | 1157 (21.5) | 328 (12.8) | 303 (15.6) | 160 (16.5) | 143 (14.8) | ||
Gender | 0.040 | 1.000 | ||||||
Male | 4429 (55.8) | 3042 (56.6) | 1387 (54.1) | 1030 (53.1) | 515 (53.1) | 515 (53.1) | ||
Female | 3511 (44.2) | 2335 (43.4) | 1176 (45.9) | 908 (46.9) | 454 (46.9) | 454 (46.9) | ||
Cell grade | < 0.001 | 0.260 | ||||||
Well differentiated | 350 (4.4) | 94 (1.7) | 256 (10.0) | 152 (7.8) | 78 (8.0) | 74 (7.6) | ||
Moderately differentiated | 1884 (23.7) | 581 (10.8) | 1303 (50.8) | 978 (50.5) | 471 (48.6) | 507 (52.3) | ||
Poorly differentiated or undifferentiated | 1364 (17.2) | 669 (12.4) | 695 (27.1) | 808 (41.7) | 420 (43.3) | 388 (40.0) | ||
Unknown | 4342 (54.7) | 4033 (75.0) | 309 (12.1) | |||||
Primary tumor size | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
< 5.0 cm | 2410 (30.4) | 1107 (20.6) | 1303 (50.8) | 634 (32.7) | 258 (26.6) | 376 (38.8) | ||
5.0–9.9 cm | 2719 (34.2) | 1782 (33.1) | 937 (36.6) | 862 (44.5) | 433 (44.7) | 429 (44.3) | ||
≥ 10.0 cm | 1078 (13.6) | 858 (16.0) | 220 (8.6) | 328 (16.9) | 223 (23.0) | 105 (10.8) | ||
Unknown | 1733 (21.8) | 1630 (30.3) | 103 (4.0) | 114 (5.9) | 55 (5.7) | 59 (6.1) | ||
Diabetic comorbidity | 0.028 | 0.145 | ||||||
Nil | 6,238 (78.6) | 4,262 (79.3) | 1,976 (77.1) | 1493 (77.0) | 760 (78.4) | 733 (75.6) | ||
Yes | 1,702 (21.4) | 1,115 (20.7) | 587 (22.9) | 445 (23.0) | 209 (21.6) | 236 (24.4) | ||
History of cirrhosis | < 0.001 | 0.456 | ||||||
No | 4894 (61.6) | 3179 (59.1) | 1715 (66.9) | 1363 (70.3) | 689 (71.1) | 674 (69.6) | ||
Yes | 2231 (28.1) | 1455 (27.1) | 776 (30.3) | 575 (29.7) | 280 (28.9) | 295 (30.4) | ||
Unknown | 815 (10.3) | 743 (13.8) | 72 (2.8) | |||||
Bilirubin (highest level) prior to initial diagnosis | 0.091 | 0.466 | ||||||
< 1.3 mg/dL | 7595 (95.7) | 5129 (95.4) | 2466 (96.2) | 1841 (95.0) | 924 (95.4) | 917 (94.6) | ||
≥ 1.3 mg/dL | 345 (4.3) | 248 (4.6) | 97 (3.8) | 97 (5.0) | 45 (4.6) | 52 (5.4) | ||
Background hepatitis profile | < 0.001 | 0.180 | ||||||
Nil | 6629 (83.5) | 4556 (84.7) | 2073 (80.9) | 1591 (82.1) | 812 (83.8) | 779 (80.4) | ||
HBV infection | 787 (9.9) | 487 (9.1) | 300 (11.7) | 221 (11.4) | 96 (9.9) | 125 (12.9) | ||
HCV infection | 366 (4.6) | 234 (4.4) | 132 (5.2) | 86 (4.4) | 43 (4.4) | 43 (4.4) | ||
Both HBV and HCV infection | 158 (2.0) | 100 (1.9) | 58 (2.3) | 40 (2.1) | 18 (1.9) | 22 (2.3) | ||
Stage | < 0.001 | 0.053 | ||||||
I | 1221 (15.4) | 394 (7.3) | 827 (32.3) | 218 (11.2) | 102 (10.5) | 116 (12.0) | ||
II | 1018 (12.8) | 434 (8.1) | 584 (22.8) | 281 (14.5) | 129 (13.3) | 152 (15.7) | ||
III | 1283 (16.2) | 758 (14.1) | 525 (20.5) | 305 (15.7) | 141 (14.6) | 164 (16.9) | ||
IV | 4418 (55.6) | 3791 (70.5) | 627 (24.5) | 1134 (58.5) | 597 (61.6) | 537 (55.4) | ||
T | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
0 and 1 | 1941 (24.4) | 663 (12.3) | 1278 (49.9) | 472 (24.4) | 151 (15.6) | 321 (33.1) | ||
2 | 1994 (25.1) | 1316 (24.5) | 678 (26.5) | 629 (32.5) | 322 (33.2) | 307 (31.7) | ||
3 | 1621 (20.4) | 1230 (22.9) | 391 (15.3) | 456 (23.5) | 282 (29.1) | 174 (18.0) | ||
4 | 1100 (13.9) | 901 (16.8) | 199 (7.8) | 288 (14.9) | 135 (13.9) | 153 (15.8) | ||
9 | 1284 (16.2) | 1267 (23.6) | 17 (0.7) | 93 (4.8) | 79 (8.2) | 14 (1.4) | ||
N | < 0.001 | 0.109 | ||||||
0 | 5163 (65.0) | 3210 (59.7) | 1953 (76.2) | 1087 (56.1) | 526 (54.3) | 561 (57.9) | ||
1 | 2777 (35.0) | 2167 (40.3) | 610 (23.8) | 851 (43.9) | 443 (45.7) | 408 (42.1) | ||
Body mass index | < 0.001 | 0.780 | ||||||
< 25.0 kg/m 2 | 2684 (33.8) | 1737 (32.3) | 947 (36.9) | 780 (40.2) | 403 (41.6) | 377 (38.9) | ||
25.0—29.9 | 1292 (16.3) | 740 (13.8) | 552 (21.5) | 394 (20.3) | 173 (17.9) | 221 (22.8) | ||
≥ 30 kg/m2 | 348 (4.4) | 192 (3.6) | 156 (6.1) | 114 (5.9) | 53 (5.5) | 61 (6.3) | ||
Unknown or missing | 3616 (45.5) | 2708 (50.4) | 908 (35.4) | 650 (33.5) | 340 (35.1) | 310 (32.0) | ||
Drinking habit | < 0.001 | 0.095 | ||||||
Never alcohol intake | 3224 (40.6) | 1975 (36.7) | 1249 (48.7) | 983 (50.7) | 476 (49.1) | 507 (52.3) | ||
Habitual drink | 417 (5.3) | 261 (4.9) | 156 (6.1) | 107 (5.5) | 46 (4.7) | 61 (6.3) | ||
Quit or rare | 813 (10.2) | 546 (10.2) | 267 (10.4) | 215 (11.1) | 119 (12.3) | 96 (9.9) | ||
Missing or unknown | 3486 (43.9) | 2595 (48.3) | 891 (34.8) | 633 (32.7) | 328 (33.8) | 305 (31.5) | ||
Smoking behavior | < 0.001 | 0.068 | ||||||
Never smoke | 2973 (37.4) | 1811 (33.7) | 1162 (45.3) | 918 (47.4) | 434 (44.8) | 484 (49.9) | ||
Ever smoke | 1485 (18.7) | 974 (18.1) | 511 (19.9) | 390 (20.1) | 208 (21.5) | 182 (18.8) | ||
Unknown or missing | 3482 (43.9) | 2592 (48.2) | 890 (34.7) | 630 (32.5) | 327 (33.7) | 303 (31.3) | ||
TAE | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
No | 4696 (59.1) | 2790 (51.9) | 1906 (74.4) | 1008 (52.0) | 384 (39.6) | 624 (64.4) | ||
Yes | 3244 (40.9) | 2587 (48.1) | 657 (25.6) | 930 (48.0) | 585 (60.4) | 345 (35.6) | ||
Chemotherapy | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Nil | 4737 (59.7) | 2821 (52.5) | 1916 (74.8) | 1034 (53.4) | 411 (42.4) | 623 (64.3) | ||
Yes | 3203 (40.3) | 2556 (47.5) | 647 (25.2) | 904 (46.6) | 558 (57.6) | 346 (35.7) | ||
Radiotherapy | < 0.001 | 0.012 | ||||||
Nil | 6599 (83.1) | 4381 (81.5) | 2218 (86.5) | 1556 (80.3) | 756 (78.0) | 800 (82.6) | ||
Yes | 1341 (16.9) | 996 (18.5) | 345 (13.5) | 382 (19.7) | 213 (22.0) | 169 (17.4) | ||
Chemo-radiotherapy | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||
Nil | 4233 (53.3) | 2447 (45.5) | 1786 (69.7) | 901 (46.5) | 327 (33.7) | 574 (59.2) | ||
Chemotherapy | 2366 (29.8) | 1934 (36.0) | 432 (16.9) | 655 (33.8) | 429 (44.3) | 226 (23.3) | ||
Radiotherapy | 504 (6.3) | 374 (7.0) | 130 (5.1) | 133 (6.9) | 84 (8.7) | 49 (5.1) | ||
Chemo-radiotherapy | 837 (10.5) | 622 (11.6) | 215 (8.4) | 249 (12.8) | 129 (13.3) | 120 (12.4) | ||
Sorafenib | 0.458 | 0.057 | ||||||
No | 7848 (98.8) | 5318 (98.9) | 2530 (98.7) | 1910 (98.6) | 950 (98.0) | 960 (99.1) | ||
Yes | 92 (1.2) | 59 (1.1) | 33 (1.3) | 28 (1.4) | 19 (2.0) | 9 (0.9) | ||
Antiviral therapy | < 0.001 | 0.901 | ||||||
No | 6898 (86.9) | 4750 (88.3) | 2148 (83.8) | 1634 (84.3) | 816 (84.2) | 818 (84.4) | ||
Yes | 1042 (13.1) | 627 (11.7) | 415 (16.2) | 304 (15.7) | 153 (15.8) | 151 (15.6) | ||
