Table 5 Numerical results of EPLS optimization in 33-bus distribution network (scenario#3).
Item/value | Base Network | IFHO | FHO | PSO | GWO | MRFO | AEFA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EPLs size/@Location (bus) | – | 125/@14 172/@21 427/@31 332/@32 | 156/@7 344/@14 245/@24 228/@32 | 423/@7 236/@14 220/@21 | 320/@14 334/@29 224/@31 355/@32 | 218/@14 237/@21 302/@29 271/@31 267/@32 | 36/@8 194/@14 385/@29 217/@32 |
Cost of losses ($) | 55,482 | 43,796 | 44,689 | 44,065 | 44,195 | 44,510 | 44,599 |
Voltage deviation (p.u) | 0.0181 | 0.0159 | 0.0161 | 0.0160 | 0.0160 | 0.0161 | 0.0161 |
Cost of ENS ($) | 1,240,127 | 361,873 | 365,320 | 362,907 | 363,424 | 364,630 | 364,976 |
Cost of grid ($) | 1,786,303 | 1,087,923 | 1,098,704 | 1,092,769 | 1,027,025 | 1,096,548 | 1,097,630 |
Cost of EPLS ($) | – | 1,251,031 | 1,290,189 | 1,265,873 | 1,273,504 | 1,281,793 | 1,288,455 |
OF | 1 | 0.7951 | 0.8032 | 0.7975 | 0.7987 | 0.8015 | 0.8023 |
