Table 1 Baseline characteristics of intravenous and intraosseous doses.

From: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of various vasopressin doses and routes of administration in a neonatal piglet model

 

IV

IO

p-value

Vaso 0.4 (n = 5)

Vaso 0.2 (n = 5)

Vaso 0.4 (n = 5)

Vaso 0.8 (n = 5)

Age (days)

2 (2–3)

2 (2–3)

3 (3–3)

3 (3–3)

0.30

Weight (kg)

2.1 (1.9–2.2)

2.1 (1.7–2.1)

2.2 (2.2–2.4)

2.3 (2.2–2.3)

0.16

Sex (male/female)

3/2

1/4

2/3

3/2

0.58

pH

7.44 (7.44–7.44)

7.46 (7.45–7.50)

7.44 (7.42–7.47)

7.46 (7.41–7.47)

0.96

paCO2 (torr)

35.2 (34.3–39.7)

33.8 (32.4–36.3)

35.4 (32.6–35.5)

33.7 (33.3–33.9)

0.47

paO2 (torr)

82.7 (65.9–83.5)

90 (82.4–91.7)

87.8 (84.2–88.2)

82.2 (64.7–87.1)

0.20

Base excess (mmol/L)

0.7 (-0.2 ~ 2.9)

1.2 (-1.1 ~ 1.8)

-2.2 (-3 ~ 2.3)

0.6 (-3 ~ 2)

0.75

Lactate (mmol/L)

3.31 (3.14–3.33)

3.87 (3.77–4.32)

4.43 (4.3–5.21)

5.9 (4.77–7.13)

0.15

Hemoglobin (g/0.1 L)

7.4 (7.1–9)

6.7 (6.4–6.9)

7.3 (6.6–9.2)

7.3 (6.8–7.7)

0.23

Heart rate (bpm)

160 (152–166)

188 (182–188)

189 (159–196)

195 (175–200)

0.15

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

61 (59–65)

63 (61–73)

63 (61–65)

63 (57–75)

0.36

Carotid blood flow (mL/kg/min)

89 (52–96)

86 (77–100)

78 (73–88)

96 (92–103)

0.82

Cardiac output (mL/kg/min)

431 (407.36–495)

535 (530–575)

327 (287–523)

478.5 (333.5–530.5)

0.68

Ejection fraction (%)

45.61 (39.93–47.55)

34 (34–43)

28.7 (22–35.1)

37 (26.5–41)

0.36

Stroke volume (mL/kg/min)

2.69 (2.68–2.75)

3.03 (2.84–3.12)

2.13 (1.58–2.19)

2.21 (1.56–2.51)

0.18

dp/dt max (mmHg)

2690 (2157–2890)

2998 (2635–3777)

3323 (2623–3615)

3451 (2877.5–4227.5)

0.48

dp/dt min (mmHg)

-2776 (-3062~ -2022)

-4172 (-4792~ -3502)

-3608 (-4009~ -3171)

-3858.5 (-4616.5~ -3192)

0.09

  1. Data are presented as median (IQR); IV, intravenous; IO, intraosseous; Vaso, vasopressin. P-values are comparing all IO vasopressin doses to IV vasopressin.
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