Table 1 The baseline characteristics of participants.
Baseline characteristic | Non-DM | DM | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Participants | 15,089 | 373 | |
Gender | < 0.001 | ||
Female | 6947 (46.04%) | 87 (23.32%) | |
Male | 8142 (53.96%) | 286 (76.68%) | |
Age(years) | 43.62 ± 8.89 | 47.14 ± 8.52 | < 0.001 |
Alcoholic intake (g/wk) | 1 (0–60) | 4.20 (0–90) | 0.006 |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | ||
Never-smoker | 8886 (58.89%) | 145 (38.87%) | |
Ex-smoker | 2874 (19.05%) | 77 (20.64%) | |
Current-smoker | 3329 (22.06%) | 151 (40.48%) | |
Exercise habits | 0.048 | ||
No | 12,432 (82.39%) | 322 (86.33%) | |
Yes | 2657 (17.61%) | 51 (13.67%) | |
SBP (mmHg) | 114.31 ± 14.91 | 122.03 ± 15.59 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 71.44 ± 10.47 | 77.18 ± 10.23 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.05 ± 3.07 | 25.03 ± 3.82 | < 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 76.26 ± 8.97 | 85.08 ± 10.20 | < 0.001 |
RFM | 25.75 ± 6.75 | 27.14 ± 6.82 | < 0.001 |
ALT (IU/L) | 17 (13–23) | 24 (18–39) | < 0.001 |
AST (IU/L) | 17 (14–21) | 20 (16–26) | < 0.001 |
GGT (IU/L) | 15 (11–22) | 24 (17–36) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.47 ± 0.40 | 1.19 ± 0.33 | < 0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 0.72 (0.49–1.11) | 1.21 (0.86–1.93) | < 0.001 |
TC (mmol/L) | 5.12 ± 0.86 | 5.43 ± 0.90 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.16 ± 0.32 | 5.53 ± 0.37 | < 0.001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.15 ± 0.41 | 5.61 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |
