Fig. 8

Putative models of host genotype-specific symbiotic interactions between B. elkanii USDA61 and V. radiata KPS1 may be controlled mainly by the two type III effectors InnB and NopP2. Hypothetically, InnB might be recognized by unknown biomolecule(s) or a specific resistance (R) protein in legumes, consequently activating an R protein-mediated ETI-type defense. In contrast, NopP2 is a nodulation determinant that enables the nodulation of V. radiata KPS1 by interacting with the pathogenesis-related 10 (PR10) protein, thereby reducing the defense response (ETI-type) to inhibit nodulation. The dotted line indicates unclear symbiotic mechanisms.