Table 4 Delta pH, CEC, exchangeable cations, and base saturation of the biochar and charcoal Terra Preta.

From: Terra Preta production from Ghanaian and Zambian soils using domestic wastes

Terra Preta

Delta pH

CEC

(cmolc kg− 1)

Exchangeable cations (cmolc kg− 1)

% Base saturation

Ca

Mg

Na

K

Biochar

Adansam Lixisol

-0.2

30.0 a

6.4 a

5.18 a

2.8 a

13.8 a

94.0 a

Chitokoloki Arenosol

0.2

28.7 b

5.7 b

4.92 b

2.6 b

13.6 a

93.7 b

Dompem Acrisol

0.2

28.8 b

6.3 a

5.09 c

2.5 c

13.1 a

93.8 b

Dzorwulu Vertisol

0.1

41.8 c

8.2 c

3.79 d

5.1 d

22.8 b

95.7 c

GBC Acrisol

-0.1

37.8 d

7.7 d

3.42 d

4.5 e

20.4 b

95.3 d

Lukweta Acrisol

0.0

25.8 e

5.6 b

4.94 b

2.2 f

11.3 c

93.0 e

CVpooled(%)

61.3

18.2

15.2

15.5

34.8

27.5

1.0

p-values

-

0.006

0.007

0.006

0.006

0.008

0.006

Charcoal

Adansam Lixisol

-0.13

29.4 a

6.0 a

5.9 a

2.6 a

13.2 a

93.9 a

Chitokoloki Arenosol

0.2

36.9 b

14.7 b

7.8 b

2.2 b

10.4 b

95.1 b

Dompem Acrisol

0.1

30.7 a

6.8 a

5.6 a

2.5 a

14.0 a

94.2 a

Dzorwulu Vertisol

0.2

42.5 c

10.2 c

4.2 c

4.8 c

21.5 c

95.8 c

GBC Acrisol

-0.3

37.5 d

6.9 d

2.9 d

4.4 c

21.5 c

95.2 d

Lukweta Acrisol

0.0

31.5 e

6.7 d

5.4 a

2.7 a

15.0 a

94.3 e

CVpooled(%)

57.2

13.7

37.0

29.2

33.1

26.9

0.70

p-values

-

0.006

0.009

< 0.001

0.009

0.006

0.007

  1. Data with means (N = 3) in columns and pooled coefficient of variation (CVpooled) under each group followed by different letters depict significant differences at 5% significance level.
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