Table 4 Comparison of high-gain 5G Sub-6 GHz base station antenna arrays.

From: A dual-band high-gain beam steering antenna array for 5G sub-6 GHz base station

References

Band (GHz)

Gain (dB)

No. of ports

Physical size (cm2)

Electrical size (\(\:{\lambda\:}_{0}\)2)

Beam steering

Multiband/Wideband*

11

2.1

19

16

88 \(\:\times\:\) 14.3

6.2 \(\:\times\:\) 1

No

Yes

12

3.7

16.7

48

194.4 \(\:\times\:\) 8.6

24 \(\:\times\:\) 1

No

No

13

3.6

19.5

24

44.5 \(\:\times\:\) 29.6

5.3 \(\:\times\:\) 3.6

Yes

No

14

2.3

17.4

10

120 \(\:\times\:\) 14

9.2 \(\:\times\:\) 1

Yes

No

15

2.2

14.8

10

60 \(\:\times\:\) 14

4.4 \(\:\times\:\) 1

No

Yes

16

4.5

11

8

30.4 \(\:\times\:\) 7.6

4.6 \(\:\times\:\) 1.1

No

Yes

23

3.6

13.8

4

74.2 \(\:\times\:\) 19

8.9 \(\:\times\:\) 2.3

No

Yes

25

2.0

15.8

20

137 \(\:\times\:\) 14

9.1 \(\:\times\:\) 0.9

No

Yes

37

5.8

18

64

256 \(\:\times\:\) 21.5

49.5 \(\:\times\:\) 4.1

No

No

38

3.6

16.6

16

96 \(\:\times\:\) 12

11.5 \(\:\times\:\) 1.4

No

Yes

Proposed Design

3.8

14.5

8

45 \(\:\times\:\) 40

5.7 \(\:\times\:\) 5

Yes

Yes

  1. *Multiband antennas operate over more than one frequency band in sub-6 GHz range whereas, wideband antennas operate in almost the entire sub-6 GHz range with the same operational characteristics.