Fig. 3
From: Augmented reality guidance improves accuracy of orthopedic drilling procedures

Outcome parameters of directional drilling. (A) Cross-sectional view of the log with planned (ET) and obtained (EO) trajectories. Using the inscribed angle theorem, the deviation angle (α) was calculated based on the log’s radius (rad) and the radial distance (r) between the target (T) and the outcome (O). (B) Side view of the log with the longitudinal X-axis of the log as the polar x-axis. The targeted exit point (T) was set as the pole and the x-axis as the polar axis. Using trigonometric functions, the polar coordinates (r, θ) of the obtained exit point (O) were calculated.