Fig. 5

Serological results of samples retrieved from avian raptors. The results are shown in percent inhibition values measured by competition ELISA to detect antibodies against the nucleoprotein (NP, black symbols, grey indeterminate range 45–50%; positive < 45%). NP-positive sera were further tested against the hemagglutinin H5 (H5, red symbols, pinkish indeterminate range 50–60%; positive < 50%). (A) Serological status of individuals sampled within the prospective-regional surveillance approach in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (MWP), Germany in 2021 and 2022. The data are grouped per species and age, indicating mean and standard error of the mean. Data points for certain individuals are highlighted by specific numbers; numbers correspond to listings in Supplementary Tables 1–3. P-value < 0.05 is confirming significant differences comparing NP-positive findings in white-tailed sea eagle (WTSE) nestlings (n(positive) = 8; n(non-positive) = 108) and nestlings of all other raptor species (n(positive) = 0; n(non-positive) = 69) via the Fisher-test. (B) Serological status of WTSE analyzed retrospectively, based on left-over material from other research projects (2006–2021) or obtained within a prospective targeted surveillance approach in MWP, Germany (2021–2022). The data are stratified by year of sample origin and by age cohort indicating mean and standard error of the mean.