Table 4 HRV parameters comparison for different subgroups of the COVID-19 population. Values are expressed as median ± IQR. * indicates a t-test p-value < 0.05 between the corresponding subgroups.
From: Heart rate variability parameters indicate altered autonomic tone in subjects with COVID-19
HRV parameters | ≤ 65yr | > 65yr | Male | Female | White | Non-white | BMI ≤ 30 | BMI > 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MeanNN (s) | 0.65 ± 0.19* | 0.8 ± 0.17 | 0.76 ± 0.18 | 0.71 ± 0.16 | 0.76 ± 0.16* | 0.63 ± 0.19 | 0.75 ± 0.21 | 0.71 ± 0.18 |
SDNN (s) | 0.02 ± 0.02* | 0.04 ± 0.04 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.025 | 0.03 ± 0.04* | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.05 | 0.02 ± 0.02 |
RMSSD (s) | 0.02 ± 0.01* | 0.03 ± 0.07 | 0.02 ± 0.04 | 0.023 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.04 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.07 | 0.02 ± 0.01 |
pNN50 (%) | 0.0 ± 2.83* | 5.82 ± 35.7 | 0.67 ± 2.52 | 0.9 ± 7.26 | 2.24 ± 21.53 | 0.01 ± 1.07 | 0.67 ± 35.87 | 0.64 ± 5.81 |
VLF (%) | 41.51 ± 23.18 | 30.39 ± 34.78 | 39.36 ± 51.53 | 34.40 ± 20.99 | 36.66 ± 29.56 | 41.46 ± 22.08 | 30.80 ± 25.02 | 41.62 ± 23.92 |
LF (%) | 9.28 ± 17.7* | 20.80 ± 13.58 | 18.32 ± 25.91 | 18.62± 19.76 | 19.02 ± 19.17* | 8.84 ± 14.59 | 21.29 ± 17.36 | 14.27 ± 14.4 |
HF (%) | 6.50 ± 14.95* | 21.58 ± 24.08 | 17.03 ± 3413 | 12.93 ± 20.78 | 17.03 ± 27.45* | 7.29 ± 10.48 | 12.93 ± 27.74 | 13.58 ± 18.07 |
LF/HF [n.u.] | 1.47 ± 1.42 | 0.88 ± 0.99 | 1.04 ± 0.88 | 1.0 ± 2.36 | 1.0 ± 1.57 | 1.59 ± 1.29 | 1.0 ± 1.77 | 1.13 ± 1.45 |
SampEn [a.u.] | 1.16 ± 0.75 | 1.43 ± 0.65 | 1.04 ± 0.75 | 1.47 ± 0.66 | 1.50 ± 0.75 | 1.83 ± 0.97 | 1.43 ± 0.7 | 1.58 ± 0.85 |
probAgr [a.u.] | 0.13 ± 0.24* | 0.22 ± 0.20 | 0.17 ± 0.26 | 0.16 ± 0.24 | 1 ± 0.21 | 0.08 ± 0.16 | 0.17 ± 0.31 | 0.16 ± 0.2 |
SD1 (s) | 0.03 ± 0.02* | 0.05 ± 0.12 | 0.04 ± 0.06 | 0.04 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.06 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.13 | 0.04 ± 0.03 |
SD2 (s) | 0.05 ± 0.06* | 0.11 ± 0.13 | 0.09 ± 0.07 | 0.096 ± 0.09 | 0.1 ± 0.13* | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0.07 ±0.14 | 0.08 ± 0.06 |
SD1/SD2 [n.u.] | 0.52 ± 0.35 | 0.59 ± 0.0.37 | 0.57 ± 0.38 | 0.57 ± 0.32 | 0.57 ± 0.36 | 0.47 ± 0.49 | 0.63 ± 0.45 | 0.46 ± 0.24 |
SD2/SD1 [n.u.] | 1.99 ± 1.58 | 1.76 ± 1.25 | 1.77 ± 1.36 | 1.77 ± 1.18 | 1.79 ± 1.35 | 2.25 ± 1.53 | 1.60 ± 1.56 | 2.22 ± 1.07 |
