Fig. 1

Screening of DEGs in glioma. (a) Volcano plot of differentially expressed proteins in GBM tissues. Red dots indicate up-regulated proteins based on log₂(Fold Change) > 1 and p-value < 0.05. Green dots indicate down-regulated proteins based on log₂(Fold Change) < -1 and p-value < 0.05. Gray dots indicate proteins that are not significantly different. (b) The PPI showing the top 15 proteins according to the algorithms Degree, Closeness and Betweenness in CytoHubba. (c) Venn diagram showing the 9 differentially expressed genes according to the three algorithms. (d) The forest plot shows the results of the univariate Cox regression analyses of the correlation between 9 DEGs and prognosis and the multivariate Cox regression analyses of the correlation between 6 DEGs and prognosis in TCGA. (e) Comparison of DEGs expression levels in tumor and normal tissues in GEPIA2 database. LGG: low-grade glioma.