Table 2 Biomarkers (except for serum total IgE) and physiological functions when stratified according to SE sensitization.

From: Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin sensitization is associated with declined capsaicin cough sensitivity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

All patients (n = 68)

SE (-) (n = 52)

SE (+) (n = 16)

p values

Neutrophils, /µL

3709 (2921, 4768)

3746 (2967, 4672)

3450 (2489, 5871)

0.83

Eosinophils, /µL

196 (119, 259)

196 (116, 252)

195 (134, 330)

0.72

Eosinophils ≥ 300 /µL, +

12 (17.6)

8 (15.4)

4 (25)

0.46

Albumin, g/dL

4.1 (3.8, 4.3)

4.1 (3.9, 4.3)

4.0 (3.6, 4.1)

0.061

Lactate dehydrogenase, IU/L

192 (170, 212)

194 (175, 213)

184 (158, 205)

0.27

Hemoglobin A1c, %

5.8 (5.6, 6.2)

5.8 (5.6, 6.2)

6.8 (5.4, 6.4)

0.70

Brain natriuretic peptide, pg/mL

34 (18, 67)

42 (20, 73)

28 (13, 58)

0.46

C-reactive protein, mg/L*

0.12 (0.07, 0.29)

0.12 (0.07, 0.28)

0.19 (0.06, 0.52)

0.54

FeNO, ppb

23.2 (14.4, 31.2)

21.7 (13.3, 31.2)

26.0 (16.2, 32.7)

0.47

C2, Number of doubling concentrations†

4 (3, 5)

4 (3, 6)

5.5 (4, 8.75)

0.036

C5, Number of doubling concentrations†

6 (4, 7)

5 (4, 7)

6 (6, 9)

0.038

Ejection Fraction, %

64 (61, 70)

66 (61, 71)

62 (61, 66)

0.20

Postbronchodilator FEV1, mL

1535 (1153, 1905)

1560 (1285, 1956)

1280 (943, 1803)

0.22

Postbronchodilator FEV1 predicted, %

63.8 (50.4, 76.2)

64.7 (51.7, 76.2)

54.5 (43.7, 75.4)

0.14

Postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC, %

51.2 (41.0, 60.2)

53.7 (43.4, 60.5)

46.5 (32.7, 55.7)

0.073

Reversibility, %

3.2 (0, 9.2)

2.9 (0, 8.5)

4.2 (− 4.0, 14.3)

> 0.99

  1. *n = 66(SE [−]: n = 50/ SE [+]: n = 16), †The number of doubling concentrations of capsaicin ranges from 1 (0.61 µM) to 10(312.5 µM), with a higher number indicating decreased cough sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin. It reflects base 2 logarithmic values of C2 and C5, respectively.
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