Fig. 6

The mRNA expression levels of Mitf, Tyr, Trp-1, and Trp-2 in B16F10 cells treated with different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 µM) of the peptide VY-9. Results are presented as a percentage of the control, with values representing the mean ± SD of three independent replicates. All data are shown as mean ± SD. Post hoc analysis was conducted using Dunnett’s test. Significant differences compared to the control group are indicated as follows: *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. Arbutin (0.2 mM) was used as the positive control.