Table 4 A qualitative and quantitative analysis of onion yield simulated under soil cultivation and DWC hydroponic cultivation conditions.

From: Machine learning insights for sustainable hydroponic cultivation and growth monitoring of allium cepa using smart hydro kit

Parameters

Soil

DWC

Biomass (ton/ha)

2.003

2.376

Dry yield (ton/ha)

1.094

1.191

Weed infestation (%)

16–25

0

Canopy cover (%)

91

85

ET water productivity (kg/m3)

0.65

0.71

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