Fig. 9

Photomicrographs of liver sections of mice stained with hematoxylin and eosin. (a) The Normal group exhibits normal hepatic architecture with hepatocytes radiating from the central vein (CV), blood sinusoids (S), and rounded vesicular nuclei (N). (b) The EAC group demonstrates a distorted normal architecture ranging from mild to moderate degree, with degeneration (arrowhead) and multiple patchy areas of inflammatory cell infiltrates, incomplete fibrous band formation, and connective tissue around the central vein (CV) and portal tract. Congestion of the central vein and pyknotic nuclei (P) were also observed. (c) The EAC + DOX group shows histopathological changes similar to the EAC group but with a higher degree of incomplete fibrous band formation and inflammatory cell infiltrates. (d) The EAC + SME group reveals liver architecture ranging from normal to mild degeneration (arrowhead), mild congestion of the central vein (CV), minimal inflammatory cell infiltrates (arrow), normal nuclei (N), and blood sinusoids (S). (e) The EAC + SNE group displays moderate histological and degeneration changes (arrowhead), noticeable congestion of the central vein (CV), inflammatory cell infiltrates (arrow), interstitial haemorrhage (Hg) and pyknotic nuclei (P). (f) The EAC + SMNEC1 group exhibits liver architecture ranging from normal to mild degeneration changes (arrowhead), mild congestion of the central vein (CV), mild interstitial haemorrhage (Hg), normal nuclei (N) and blood sinusoids (S). (g) The EAC + SMNEC2 group shows the nearly normal hepatic structure, with mild degeneration (arrowhead), central vein (CV), blood sinusoids (S), normal nuclei (N), and minimal inflammatory cell infiltrates (arrow). (h) The EAC + SMNEC3 group reveals an almost normal hepatic structure with hepatocytes radiating from the central vein (CV), blood sinusoids (S), normal nuclei (N), and a few numbers of inflammatory cells (arrow). Normal: Mice without treatment; EAC: Ehrlich ascites-bearing mice without treatment; EAC + DOX: EAC-bearing mice treated with doxorubicin; EAC + SME: EAC-bearing mice with S. maxima extract treatment; EAC + SNE: EAC-bearing mice treated with silica nanoemulsion (SNE); EAC + SMNEC1: EAC-bearing mice treated with S. maxima extract nanoemulsion (SMNE) at 3225 µg/mL; EAC + SMNEC2: EAC-bearing mice treated with SMNE at 6451 µg/mL; EAC + SMNEC3: EAC-bearing mice treated with SMNE at 9677 µg/mL.