Table 3 The three-dimensional force vectors that were used for the cyclic test were translated from the PS MRI measurements (Table 2).

From: A non-metallic PEEK topology optimization reconstruction implant for large mandibular continuity defects, validated using the MANDYBILATOR apparatus

  1. The muscle forces were broken down into x, y and z components for both lateralities of the masseter superficialis (MS) and masseter profunda (MP), pterygoideus medialis (PM) and middle temporalis (TM) muscles. The Frankfurt horizontal plane (FHP) functioned as the x–z plane with its positive x-axis pointing towards the left condyle, the positive y-axis pointing cranially and the positive z-axis pointing ventrally. The origin of the coordinate system was set where the mid-sagittal plane coincided with the FHP.
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