Fig. 9
From: Surface reconstruction limited magnetism of the nodal loop semimetal Ca\(_3\)P\(_2\)
Effective Heisenberg couplings \(J_{ij}\) between magnetized layers in the capped (a) and terminated (b) configuration for \(88.8\%\) Ca concentration. In subfigure (a) the P atoms of layers 1. and 3. are denoted by orange and blue circles. In subfigure (b) the Ca atoms of layers 2. and 4. are denoted by squares. For both cases, the thickness of the connecting line is proportional to the interaction strength normalized to the strongest interaction. Red colors refer to ferromagnetic coupling while blue colors signal antiferromagnetic coupling. Black crosses mark sites inside the unit cell which were taken as the origin for the calculated exchange interactions.
