Table 2 Patient characteristics.
Intervention group (RIPC) (n = 8) | Control group (sham) (n = 7) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Epidemiology | |||
Male/female | 6 (75%)/2 (25%) | 5 (71%)/2 (29%) | 0.99 |
Age (years) | 53 (34–74) | 61 (40–83) | 0.16 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.5 (20.7–35.5) | 23.2 (18.2–28.1) | 0.24 |
Concomitant diseases | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0%) | 1 (14%) | 0.99 |
Hypertension | 1 (12.5%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.12 |
Pre-existing CKD (KDIGO G3a – G4) | 0 (0%) | 2 (28.5%) | 0.20 |
Coronary heart disease | 0 (0%) | 1 (14%) | 0.47 |
Status after nephrectomy | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.99 |
Status after NSS | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.99 |
Medication on admission | |||
ACE-I/ARB | 1 (12.5%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.12 |
Diuretics | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (29%) | 0.57 |
Side | |||
Right/left kidney | 5 (62.5%)/3 (37.5) | 5 (71%)/2 (29%) | 0.99 |
Tumour characteristics | |||
Type of tumour | 0.47 | ||
RCC | 8 (100%) | 6 (86%) | |
Oncocytoma | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Angiomyolipoma | 0 (0%) | 1 (14%) | |
Other | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
RCC histology | 0.46 | ||
Clear cell | 3 (37.5%) | 4 (67%) | |
Papillary | 4 (50%) | 2 (33%) | |
Chromophobic | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Other | 1 (12.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
Staging of Renal Cell Cancer (RCC) | 0.43 | ||
pT1a | 8 (100%) | 5 (83%) | |
pT1b | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
pT2a | 0 (0%) | 1 (17%) | |
pT2b | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
Tumour diameter (mm) | 22 (14–38) | 25 (4–85) | 0.98 |
R.E.N.A.L. Nephrometry Score | 8 (6–8) | 8 (4–9) | 0.67 |
Surgical data | |||
Operation time (min) | 215 (93–285) | 165 (118–285) | 0.35 |
Ischaemic time (min) | 17.5 (12–22) | 14 (9.45–20) | 0.07 |
Surgical approach | 0.2 | ||
Open surgery | 0 (0%) | 2 (29%) | |
Endoscopic surgery | 8 (100%) | 5 (71%) | 0.99 |
Robot-assisted laparoscopical | 1 (12.5%) | 1 (11%) | |
Robot-assisted retroperitoneoscopical | 7 (87.5%) | 4 (89%) | |
Renal data | |||
eGFR (CKD-EPI) on admission (ml/min/1.73m2) | 97.8 (54.2–134.4) | 66.5 (43.9–110.9) | 0.34 |
Plasma creatinine on admission (mg/dl) | 80.5 (50–129) | 92 (46–129) | 0.27 |
Urinary NGAL on admission (pg/ml) | 12,382 (2631–48,389) | 8985 (3007–74,917) | 0.78 |
