Table 1 Evaluation index system of level of urban HQID.

From: Measurement and spatio-temporal evolution of high-quality industrial development level in China

Target layer

Primary indicators

Sub-index

Tertiary indicators

Unit

Index attribute

Level of urban HQID

A1 Factor output Efficiency

B1 Technological innovation intensity

C1 Number of patents granted per unit of labor force

Pieces per person

+

C2 Real science expenditure per unit of labor

CNY per person

+

C3 Number of college students per unit of labor force

Per 10,000 people

+

B2 Factor productivity

C4 IAV per unit of labor

CNY per person

+

C5 IAV per unit of capital

CNY

+

B3 Pollution emission intensity

C6 Wastewater emissions per unit of IAV

Ten thousand tons per CNY

C7 Sulfur dioxide emissions per unit of IAV

Ton per CNY

C8 Soot emissions per unit of IAV

Ton per CNY

B4 Resource utilization intensity

C9 IAV per unit of industrial electricity consumption

CNY per kilowatt-hour

+

C10 IAV per unit of industrial land use

CNY per square meter

+

B5 Open competition intensity

C11 Actual FDI per unit of GDP

CNY

+

 

C12 Total imports and exports of goods per unit of GDP

CNY

+

A2 Industrialization process

B6 Industrialization index

C13 Industrialization rate

/

+

C14 Location entropy of the manufacturing industry

/

+

B7 Industrialization quality

C15 GDP per capita

CNY per person

+

C16 Residents’ disposable income

CNY per person

+

C17 Labor productivity

CNY per person

+

C18 Industrial comparative advantage

/

+

  1. Within the indicator attributes, "+" denotes a positive or incentivizing indicator, while "−" signifies a negative or constraining indicator.