Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Museomics and morphological analyses of historical and contemporary peninsular Italian wolf (Canis lupus italicus) samples

Fig. 2

(A) Craniometrical parameters measured in wolf adult skulls to describe their morphometry. (A) Dorsal view. TL total length, LF facial length, NL upper neurocranium length, GLN maximum nasal length, CL cranial length, BCA rostrum width, LBBO minimum breadth between the orbits, FB maximum frontal breadth, GNB maximum neurocranium breadth. Ventral view. GPB greatest breadth of the palatine, GDAB greatest diameter of the auditory bulla, ZB zygomatic breadth. Lateral view. HC height of upper canine, LM1 upper carnassial length, SH skull height, LAPI angular process-interdental, TLM total length of the mandible. (B) Body parameters measured in wolf adult carcasses to describe their morphology. HBL head and body length, HL head length, NKL neck length, NKC neck circumference, SL height at the shoulders, CC chest circumference, BL body length, RRF rump to rear foot pad, EL ear length, TL tail length, RPL rear paw length. Morphometric parameters used to compare populations in Principal Component Analyses (Figs. 5 and 6) are indicated by orange stars. Morphometric parameters used to compare among-population minimum, maximum and mean values in box plots represented in Fig. S1 and Fig. S2 are indicated by blue stars.

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