Table 1 Results of the microscopy measurements for samples printed at different flow rate percentages. The measured diameter of the PLA fibers is compared with the value predicted in Eq. (5) in the methods section. The last row is the percentage of the porosity level measured by weight.

From: Bio-inspired 3D printing approach for bonding soft and rigid materials through underextrusion

Flow rate percentage (%)

Predicted diameter (\(\upmu\)m)

Measured diameter (\(\upmu\)m)

Absolute error (\(\upmu\)m)

Porosity (%)

10

82

73

9

89.22

20

122

123

1

79.51

30

162

164

2

69.40

40

202

193

9

60.24

50

242

252

10

49.14

60

282

277

5

39.87

80

362

366

4

20.26

100

442

430

12

0