Fig. 7
The effect of ZnPc-PDT on HUVEC invasion toward VEGF-containing medium was evaluated using Matrigel-coated transwell. (a) After 24 h post-PDT with ZnPcs, the invaded cells were stained with Calcein AM. (b) The number of invaded cells was quantified after 24 h. The invasion of HUVECs was significantly stimulated by the presence of VEGF as a chemoattractant, while the number of invaded cells was substantially reduced in the absence of VEGF. Both ZnPcs demonstrated an inhibitory effect on invasion in a dose-dependent manner, with ZnPc1 exhibiting significantly greater inhibition than ZnPc2. Notably, at higher concentrations, ZnPc1 completely blocked HUVEC invasion. Results are presented as mean ± SD. Scale bar: 200 μm.
